Motherboard (system board) - board on which is installed chipset and other components (eg, hard disk controller).
Motherboard - one of the most important components of the system unit. It provides food, pairing and operation of all devices PC, from CPU and ending with the mouse. Most components are inserted into the computer system unit in a specially reserved for them at the nest (the socket for the processor slots - for other components) on the motherboard. Some devices are connected to the jacks on the rear panel, some trails are connected with it, SATA-cables or other wires. Also, the motherboard is fed current from the power supply, and she, in turn, distributes it among all other devices inside the system unit. Not always, you will be much difference with the naked eye one model from another board, but ultimately the wrong choice can result in disappointing results.
4. Number of PCI Express x16 slots for graphics cardsIf a game plan to use configurations 2 or 3 cards, it is essential that the board had 2 or 3 slot type PCI Express x16, and with support for the regime of two video cards (NVIDIA SLI-need the NVIDIA nForce or Intel X58, for ATI Crossfire - Chipset AMD or Intel with support for the regime Crossfire). You also need to consider the placement of these slots. Modern graphics cards due to their large size and the massive cooling system overlap with the adjacent card slot! And if you install two or three cards on some boards cover all the slots!
An example of decoding: Fee ASUS P5K / Socket - LGA775 / Chipset - Intel P35 / 2 PCI Express x16 slots for graphics cards / Integrated Network Interface Card (1 Gb / s) / On-Board IEEE-1394 (FireWire) * / controller to connect the existing hard drive SATA array without support RAID * / Form Factor - ATX / 4 slots for DDR2 memory at 800MHz (PC2-6400).
Let us dwell on the main board components.
1. ChipsetChipset (core logic) - this is a chipset consisting of the so-calledNorth and South bridges.
Northbridge (Northbridge) works directly with the processor and provides support for RAM and video card. It also sets the system bus (FSB), the maximum amount and type of RAM.
Southbridge (Southbridge) - a chip that provides interaction between the CPU and other components of the computer - hard drives, expansion cards, interfaces, SATA, USB, etc. In contrast, the north bridge, south bridge usually connects directly to the processor, so they are located on separate chips.
In the market there are many models of chipsets from different manufacturers. Most popular today:
Chipsets from Intel:No integrated graphics card: P965, 975X, P31, P35, P43, P45, X38, X48, X58With integrated graphics: G965, Q35, G31, G33, G35, G41, G43, G45.
We recommend you to buy motherboards without integrated graphics chipset P35, P45 (for all types of configurations), or X38, X48, X58 (for "extreme" gamers and technology enthusiasts).Naturally, the latter is considerably more expensive.
Chipsets from AMD:No integrated graphics card: 770, 790X, 790FXWith integrated graphics: 690G, 740G, 780G, 780V
Recommended to take a board with the chipset 770 (suitable for all configurations), 790X (for Gamers), 790FX (for "extreme" gamers and overclockers). Price latter is somewhat higher.
Overclocking (English Overclocking) - overclocked CPU or other computer components, such as, for example, video card or memory, by increasing the operating frequency or voltage on the component.
Chipsets from NVIDIA:Before presenting a list of the most popular chipsets from the company NVIDIA, we want to warn you that if you do not want to install a computer two video NVIDIA GeForce mode SLI, then buy a motherboard with a chipset from NVIDIA is impractical. Especially since the recent Intel officially added SLI support to its new chipset X58.
NVIDIA Corporation manufactures chipsets for processors Intel, and processors from AMD. When buying, check for any CPU is the motherboard.Series GeForce (with integrated graphics): 7025, 7050, 7100, 8200
Series nForce:1) nForce 500: 570, 5902) nForce 600:a) For AMD: 630a, 680ab) For Intel: 630i, 650i, 680i3) nForce 700a) For AMD: 750a, 780ab) For Intel: 750i, 780i, 790i
The higher the series chipset, the modern, but also more expensive motherboards, made on its basis.
You can buy cards at any chipset series nForce. The choice is made based on the best of your money.
It should be noted that recently, not only from NVIDIA chipsets support the use of simultaneous operation of two (three) cards - NVIDIA SLI, but the chipset Intel X58.
NoteBus Frequency (FSB). It is necessary to consider this option when buying mat.platy. CPU FSB should coincide with the bus, supported by the motherboard chipset. For example, a processor with 800MHz FSB will not work on the motherboard that supports only processors with 533MHz bus.
2. SocketFor processors from different vendors require different sockets. For modern processors from Intel motherboards require socket "LGA775" (Land Grid Array, Socket 775) or "LGA1366" (Socket 1366) Processor AMD - "Socket AM2", "Socket AM2 +" or "Socket AM3".
Before the release of the socket "LGA775" firm Intel has used "Socket 478". From the name means that it used 478 pin holes.Accordingly, for the processor were 478 contact pins (PGA478, Pin Grid Array). Now, in the socket "LGA775" is used 775 feet, and on the processor, respectively, 775 contact pads. The same goes for LGA1366.
By AMD, in turn, use socket "Socket 754" (754 pins) and "Socket 939" (939 contacts). Externally, only changed the number of contacts. Y "Socket AM2" them - 940.
3. The number of slots for RAMTo date, the DDR memory is already obsolete, so use the DDR2-DDR3-or memory.
When buying a board should pay attention to what frequency the memory it supports. Now spread DDR2 memory at 667, 800 and 1066 MHz and DDR3 with 1066, 1333, 1600, 1800 and 2000 MHz.RAM modules with a frequency of, for example, 1066 will work on a motherboard that supports only the memory at 800 MHz, but the operating frequency to drop to a point, as supported by the motherboard. Also in this situation as a whole system may become unstable. Also note that DDR3 memory will not work on the motherboard that supports only DDR2. Reverse is also true. Keep these restrictions!
At the moment, the price of DDR3 memory declined slightly, so the choice between DDR2 and DDR3 memory for you.
5. Number of PCI slots or PCI Express x1 to connect various additional devices - expansion cards (modem, network card, sound card, TV-tuner, etc.)Must take into account the number of expansion cards that you want to install to your computer and the number of PCI slots or PCI Express x1, available on the motherboard. Otherwise, you risk being left without a modem or anything else due to lack of slots.Remember also cards that cover adjacent slot.
6. The availability of modern connectors for hard drivesThese connectors are called SATA and are available in any modern motherboard.
7. Built-in sound, network card or video cardNow, almost all modern motherboards are built sound and network cards. For the average user would be enough for them. We do not recommend buying the board with integrated graphics (unless you have no other choice, or starved of money).
8. The form factor motherboardThe form factor - a worldwide standard that defines the size of the motherboard for your PC, place her attachment to the body, the location on it interfaces, ports, socket CPU slots for RAM, as well as the type of connectors for power supply.
The specification defines the form factor of the mandatory and optional components. However, most motherboard manufacturers choose to comply with all specifications, since otherwise there can be problems with compatibility boards and other components.
Obsolete form factors: AT, Baby-AT, Mini-ATX.Modern: ATX, microATX, NLX, WTX.The implemented: Mini-ITX, Nano-ITX, Pico-ITX, BTX, MicroBTX, PicoBTX
At the moment, the desktop form factor common type ATX and mATX (microATX). It is recommended to take payment with the form factor ATX. Since they are much larger in size, then, correspondingly, greater number of slots available on the board, it is convenient to the location and the location of the chipset and other connections.
9. Cooling of the chipset (Northbridge and Southbridge)In modern motherboards use different chipsets cooling system.Most often it is the passive radiator (no fans). For such a fee is recommended to well-ventilated housing. This is not the most important thing to consider when choosing a card, but it is recommended to take into account.
10. Motherboard ManufacturersRecommend buying the board the following manufacturers:ASUS, Gigabyte, MSI, Intel
Less popular (but does not mean low quality) are the following companies:Foxconn, Elitegroup, Abit, ASRock
Summary. What, basically, you need to know when choosing a motherboard:1. Producer Boards2. Chipset (manufacturer, model, CPU, bus speed)3. Socket (CPU)4. Number of slots and the type of memory supported5. Number of PCI Express x16 slots for graphics cards6. Number of PCI Express x1 slots and the PCI7. Built-in sound and network cards8. Form Factor
Our favorites:For example with boards by ASUS and Gigabyte.
Office and home configuration (in brackets are rounded prices in dollars at the time of writing this page are taken from the price list Nix.ru):Intel: ASUS P5K Socket7752xPCI-E + GbLAN +1394 SATA ATX 4DDR-II (3300)
GigaByte GA-P35-DS3L Socket775PCI-E + GbLAN SATA ATX 4DDR-II (2700)AMD: ASUS M3A SocketAM2 + PCI-E + GbLAN SATA RAID ATX 4DDR-II (2700)GigaByte GA-MA770-DS3 SocketAM2 + PCI-E + GbLAN +1394 SATA RAID ATX 4DDR-II (2600)Fees for Intel P35 chipsets and AMD 770 should be fine for gaming and configuration of elementary and secondary classes.
Game configuration of the middle class:Intel: ASUS P5Q Pro Socket7752xPCI-E + GbLAN +1394 SATA RAID ATX 4DDR-II (5900)GigaByte GA-EP45-DQ6 Socket7752xPCI-E + GbLAN +1394 SATA RAID ATX 4DDR-II (?)AMD: ASUS M3A32-MVP Deluxe SocketAM2 + 4xPCI-E + GbLAN +1394 SATA RAID ATX 4DDR-II (5800)GigaByte GA-MA790X-DS4 SocketAM2 + 2xPCI-E + GbLAN +1394 SATA RAID ATX 4DDR-II (4900)
Playing a top-class configuration (mode + Crossfire):Intel: ASUS P5E Deluxe Socket775 2xPCI-E + GbLAN +1394 SATA RAID ATX 4DDR-II (7700)GigaByte GA-X48-DQ6 Socket775 2xPCI-E +2 xGbLAN +1394 SATA RAID ATX 4DDR-II (8800)AMD: ASUS M3A32-MVP Deluxe SocketAM2 + 4xPCI-E + GbLAN +1394 SATA RAID ATX 4DDR-II (5800)Gigabyte GA-MA790FX-DS5 SocketAM2 + 2xPCI-E + GbLAN +1394 SATA RAID ATX 4DDR-II (4900)
It should be noted that the build system is preferable for Crossfire cards with the chipsets the company AMD.Playing a top-class configuration (mode + SLI):Intel: ASUS P6T Deluxe Socket1366 3xPCI-E +2 xGbLAN +1394 SATA / SAS RAID ATX 6DDR-III (15500)Gigabyte GA-EX58-DS4 Socket1366 3xPCI-E + GbLAN +1394 SATA RAID ATX 6DDR-III (12000)AMD: ASUS M3N-HT Deluxe SocketAM2 +3 xPCI-E + SVGA + GbL +1394 SATA RAID ATX 4DDR-II (7400)
We are fortunate to have Intel’s 10th generation consumer desktop processors, including the Core i7-10700K. The manufacturer also offers a new chipset and a new socket, the LGA 1200 and the Z490 , a requirement to upgrade to Comet Lake. Best Motherboardz
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